Which scientist gave his name to zones of charged particles ranging from 3,000 to 20,000 km (1,800 to 12,000 miles) above Earth?

Which scientific discipline deals with the relative abundance, distribution, and migration of Earth’s chemical elements and their isotopes?

Where are you likely to find P waves, S waves, Love waves, and Rayleigh waves?

Which scientific discipline is concerned with the description and classification of Earth’s topographic features?

What wetland ecosystem is characterized by wet, spongy, poorly drained peaty soil?

What is a term for the starting point of an earthquake?

Which volcano erupted in 1883 with explosions that were heard 2,200 miles (3,500 km) away and an ash cloud that reached 50 miles (80 km) into the atmosphere?

Which instrument records the ground oscillations caused by an earthquake, explosion, or other Earth-shaking phenomena?

Which luminous phenomenon of the Earth’s upper atmosphere occurs primarily in high latitudes and takes many forms, including luminous curtains, arcs, bands, and patches?

What gas does the ocean absorb, thereby slowing the greenhouse effect?

Which device is used to measure atmospheric pressure?

What scientific discipline is concerned with the precise shape and dimensions of Earth?

Which layer of Earth’s atmosphere consists of electrically charged particles that influence the propagation of radio waves?

They move slowly and calve in the spring in cold polar waters. What are they?

What is the most abundant metal in Earth’s crust?

What region of the atmosphere are most clouds and weather systems contained in?

What geologic theory holds that many of Earth’s surface features are caused by the rigid rocky crust sliding over a layer of partially molten rock?